It’s official. Richard Cordray has left the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB). He was given a new agency with enormous enforcement authority. And, yes, he wielded that authority forcefully. But there’s more to Rich than the aggressive law enforcer he came to be known as.

See, I worked with Rich to stand up the bureau and as a deputy enforcement director. In the summer of 2014, I decided to leave after four years at the bureau. I wanted to tell Rich immediately and waited until what I thought was a reasonable hour — 10 a.m. ET — to call him. He answered in a whisper: “Lucy, Lucy, how are you?” He then explained in a hush that it was 7 a.m. in California, where he was vacationing with his family. I was embarrassed, but he welcomed my call. I then started to tell him my news, only to lose the connection in mid-sentence.

I tried back, but it happened again, and then again. I stopped trying after four attempts. Then he tried several times to reach me. When I finally delivered my news, the call was lost again. He sent me this text minutes later: “So I know it was not optimal to labor thru NINE calls to convey that message, but you will always be special for having taken the risk to make things work for me and the bureau and I am forever grateful to you. RC.” I kept Rich’s text because it reflects on his character and legacy as the CFPB’s first director. He has been tireless, dogged and committed in his pursuits. And in leading the bureau’s staff, he was supportive, warm and, yes, funny.

So what is Rich’s ultimate legacy as the bureau’s first director? Well, he accomplished many things. He took the reins from Elizabeth Warren, who stood up the bureau initially, and built it up to an agency of 1,600 employees. He completed mortgage rulemakings mandated by Dodd-Frank and discretionary rulemakings, such as the payday rule, in his zeal to protect consumers. He oversaw the first federal agency with supervisory authority over both banks and nonbanks, including first-time examination authority over the national credit bureaus and larger market players in auto finance, debt collection and other industries.

Ultimately, though, Rich’s legacy is that of an aggressive law enforcer who joined and now leaves the agency with a strong enforcement focus.

Before joining the CFPB, Rich served as Ohio’s attorney general. Warren brought him to the bureau to serve as its first enforcement director. When he joined the nascent enforcement team, he jumped into the fray, sprinting to build the enforcement office into a 150-strong team of litigators and investigators. Historically, federal prudential regulators have prioritized their supervisory mission — a confidential, nonpublic process — over public enforcement actions. As the enforcement director, Rich made sure that enforcement shared equal footing with supervision, integrated within the same division. When Rich became the bureau director, he continued to prioritize the agency’s law enforcement mission.

In one of his most controversial moves, he ordered PHH Corp. to pay more than $109 million in disgorgement — about 17 times the hearing officer’s recommendation — and ruled that no statute of limitations applied in the bureau’s administrative forum. Last month, when he announced his intent to leave, his message to the agency’s staff emphasized the $12 billion in consumer relief obtained by the bureau through its enforcement actions.

For better or worse, Rich’s legacy is as an aggressive law enforcer. So, with his exit, should industry breathe a big sigh of relief? While it’s too soon to say, it’s safe to say that the CFPB and its dedicated staff are not going away. It’s a powerful agency with a host of tools, and it will still find a way to do its job to protect consumers.

Under the Trump Administration, this likely means more use of the nonpublic supervisory process and less use of rulemaking. On the enforcement side, I expect the agency to implement procedural protections for companies under investigation, make more efforts to resolve cases short of litigation, and focus its enforcement might on cases akin to fraud.

Bottom line: Administrations come and go, but the CFPB is here to stay. And in the end, the CFPB will look kindly on companies that maintain a strong compliance management system, and maybe not so kindly on companies that don’t.

Lucy Morris is a partner in the Washington, D.C., office of Hudson Cook LLP and former Deputy Enforcement Director at the CFPB. She can be reached at [email protected]. Nothing in this article is legal advice and should not be taken as such. Please address all legal questions to your counsel.

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